In which condition might echocardiography show right ventricular hypertrophy?

Echocardiography can show right ventricular hypertrophy prominently in the context of chronic pulmonary hypertension. This condition leads to increased pressure in the pulmonary artery, which forces the right ventricle to work harder to pump blood into the lungs. Over time, this increased workload causes the muscle mass of the right ventricle to thicken, resulting in right ventricular hypertrophy.

In chronic pulmonary hypertension, the structural and functional changes in the right ventricle can be effectively visualized through echocardiography. Physicians can assess various parameters, such as wall thickness and chamber sizes, to confirm the presence of hypertrophy and evaluate the severity of the underlying pulmonary pressure increase.

In contrast, the other conditions listed do not typically lead to right ventricular hypertrophy. Mitral stenosis primarily affects the left side of the heart, left ventricular failure involves changes in the left ventricle, and aortic stenosis mainly impacts the left ventricle as well, causing it to thicken rather than the right ventricle. Thus, chronic pulmonary hypertension stands out as the condition that specifically results in right ventricular hypertrophy visible on echocardiography.